Preschool children have keen perception: they are very observant and curious and enjoy handling different materials. Their learning is based on concrete experiences. Consequently, all activities make use of didactic materials such as puzzles, blocks, chips, buttons, finger paints, films, slides, records, musical instruments, computers, etc.

As the children handle these materials, they learn how to relate amounts, sizes, shapes and colors. This in turn helps them develop basic concepts of arithmetic. By memorizing shapes and establishing spatial relationships, they learn basic skills that will later help them to distinguish one letter from another.

Initially children use large spaces for performing their work. These spaces are gradually reduced as the children acquire dexterity and greater precision in their movements. Once this stage is attained, the children are encouraged to sit properly, to hold a pencil correctly, and to work in left-to-right and ttop-to-bottom progressions. These skills are essential for learning how to read and write, which officially begins in first grade.

The purpose of music and body movement is for the child to acquire basic musical knowledge, learn how to listen to music and identify different sounds, develop a sense of movement and rhythm, and become familiar with various musical instruments.